# Feature catalog — TheAlgorithms/Python

> Canonical page: https://codevetter.com/unpack/python/feature-catalog

# Feature catalog — TheAlgorithms/Python

Scanned commit 52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba (2026-09-22). Generated by codevetter codevetter 1.12.0 on 2026-09-22.

'Features' here are per-topic algorithm collections rather than product features: ~45 directories covering classic CS domains (sorts, searches, graphs, data_structures, dynamic_programming, ciphers, strings, maths), applied domains (machine_learning, neural_network, computer_vision, digital_image_processing, physics, electronics, financial, geodesy), curiosities (fractals, cellular_automata, fuzzy_logic, genetic_algorithm, quantum), a 344-file project_euler/ tree with a strict solution() contract, and web_programming/ scrapers that hit live third-party sites. Every module is directly runnable via its __main__ block and self-testing via doctests.
- sorts/ contains ~60 comparison and non-comparison sorts; sorts/bubble_sort.py alone ships bubble_sort_iterative and bubble_sort_recursive behind a shared Comparable Protocol and exercises a timing benchmark in its __main__ block. — [sorts/bubble_sort.py#L4-11](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/sorts/bubble_sort.py#L4-L11) [sorts/bubble_sort.py#L153-176](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/sorts/bubble_sort.py#L153-L176) [tests/test_sorts.py#L25-47](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/tests/test_sorts.py#L25-L47)
- project_euler/ holds per-problem packages problem_NNN/ with multiple solN.py variants, each exposing a solution() function whose default arguments answer the problem (e.g. problem_001/sol1.py solution(n: int = 1000)). — [project_euler/problem_001/sol1.py#L13-33](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/project_euler/problem_001/sol1.py#L13-L33) [project_euler/README.md#L28-30](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/project_euler/README.md#L28-L30)
- web_programming/ is a set of live scrapers/API clients: current_stock_price.py fetches Yahoo Finance HTML and parses a data-testid span with BeautifulSoup; fetch_anime_and_play.py scrapes gogoanime2.org search/episode/download URLs using fake-useragent. — [web_programming/current_stock_price.py#L23-38](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/web_programming/current_stock_price.py#L23-L38) [web_programming/fetch_anime_and_play.py#L14-41](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/web_programming/fetch_anime_and_play.py#L14-L41)
- Other web_programming modules cover Hacker News, IMDb top-250 CSV export, COVID stats via XPath, GitHub info, currency conversion, Slack messages, reCAPTCHA verification, Reddit, NASA data, and Google result crawling — each a standalone network client. — [web_programming/get_top_hn_posts.py](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/web_programming/get_top_hn_posts.py) [web_programming/get_imdb_top_250_movies_csv.py](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/web_programming/get_imdb_top_250_movies_csv.py) [web_programming/covid_stats_via_xpath.py](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/web_programming/covid_stats_via_xpath.py) [web_programming/recaptcha_verification.py](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/web_programming/recaptcha_verification.py)
- data_structures/ (144 files) implements linked lists, stacks/queues, hash maps, binary trees, kd-trees, suffix trees, tries, disjoint sets, and hashing — several with dedicated tests/ subdirectories (e.g. hashing/tests/test_hash_map.py, kd_tree/tests/test_kdtree.py). — [data_structures/hashing/tests/test_hash_map.py](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/data_structures/hashing/tests/test_hash_map.py) [data_structures/kd_tree/tests/test_kdtree.py](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/data_structures/kd_tree/tests/test_kdtree.py) [data_structures/suffix_tree/tests/test_suffix_tree.py](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/data_structures/suffix_tree/tests/test_suffix_tree.py)
- maths/ (217 files) is the largest non-Euler domain — primality tests, factorials, number theory, geometry helpers — with sibling test files like test_prime_check.py and test_factorial.py alongside implementations. — [maths/test_prime_check.py](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/maths/test_prime_check.py) [maths/test_factorial.py](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/maths/test_factorial.py) [maths/solovay_strassen_primality_test.py](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/maths/solovay_strassen_primality_test.py)
- file_transfer/send_file.py + receive_file.py demonstrate raw TCP socket file transfer on port 12312, with a testing flag so tests/test_send_file.py can exercise one accept loop. — [file_transfer/send_file.py#L1-31](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/file_transfer/send_file.py#L1-L31) [file_transfer/tests/test_send_file.py](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/file_transfer/tests/test_send_file.py)
- machine_learning/ and neural_network/ implement algorithms from scratch (linear regression, sequential minimal optimization for SVM, LSTM prediction, input_data MNIST loader) rather than being thin wrappers, per CONTRIBUTING.md's 'add unique value' rule. — [machine_learning/sequential_minimum_optimization.py](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/machine_learning/sequential_minimum_optimization.py) [machine_learning/linear_regression.py](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/machine_learning/linear_regression.py) [neural_network/input_data.py](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/neural_network/input_data.py) [CONTRIBUTING.md#L67-68](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/CONTRIBUTING.md#L67-L68)
- graphs/ (69 files) covers traversal, shortest paths (Floyd-Warshall, Johnson), minimum spanning trees (Kruskal, Prim), and flow networks, with a graphs/tests/ subdirectory of pytest modules. — [graphs/tests/test_min_spanning_tree_kruskal.py](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/graphs/tests/test_min_spanning_tree_kruskal.py) [graphs/tests/test_graphs_floyd_warshall.py](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/graphs/tests/test_graphs_floyd_warshall.py) [graphs/tests/test_johnson.py](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/graphs/tests/test_johnson.py)
- ciphers/ (56 files) implements classical and modern ciphers; hashes/enigma_machine.py is one of a few files granted a per-file ruff ignore (BLE001 blind-except) in pyproject.toml. — [pyproject.toml#L156-176](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/pyproject.toml#L156-L176) [hashes/enigma_machine.py](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/hashes/enigma_machine.py)
- quantum/q_fourier_transform.py is the single module importing qiskit; it is skipped in the 3.14t CI run because qiskit re-enables the GIL under free threading. — [pyproject.toml#L56-64](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/pyproject.toml#L56-L64) [.github/workflows/build.yml#L40-55](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/.github/workflows/build.yml#L40-L55)
- digital_image_processing/ is almost entirely cv2-based and is excluded wholesale from the free-threaded test run until a cp314t opencv wheel ships. — [.github/workflows/build.yml#L31-49](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/.github/workflows/build.yml#L31-L49) [pyproject.toml#L44-51](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/52b9b913e08ea5afe81e82c1f502887c049750ba/pyproject.toml#L44-L51)

Every claim links to its cited files at the pinned commit. Citations identify source evidence; they do not establish runtime correctness. Independent CodeVetter scan — not reviewed by upstream maintainers.

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